NEWS AND VIEWS:

Celso E. Gomez-Sanchez

Glucocorticoid Production and Regulation in Thymus: Of Mice and Birds
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3977-3979 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0615 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michael J. Baum

New Evidence that an Epigenetic Mechanism Mediates Testosterone-Dependent Brain Masculinization
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3980-3982 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0664 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Stephen Franks

Do Animal Models of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Help to Understand Its Pathogenesis and Management? Yes, but Their Limitations Should be Recognized
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3983-3985 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0652 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Richard Ivell and Frank Grutzner

Evolution and Male Fertility: Lessons from the Insulin-Like Factor 6 Gene (Insl6)
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3986-3990 doi:10.1210/en.2009-0691 [Full Text] [PDF]  

MINI-REVIEWS:

William G. Nelson, Angelo M. De Marzo, and Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian

Epigenetic Alterations in Human Prostate Cancers
Endocrinology 2009 150: 3991-4002 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0573 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Somatic epigenetic defects, which appear earlier and more consistently during prostate cancer development than genetic defects, have provided new insights into mechanisms of prostatic carcinogenesis and a rich collection of molecular biomarkers for the disease.

Curt Balch, Fang Fang, Daniela E. Matei, Tim H.-M. Huang, and Kenneth P. Nephew

Minireview: Epigenetic Changes in Ovarian Cancer
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4003-4011 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0404 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A greater understanding of the role of epigenetics in ovarian cancer allows for improved interventions against this devastating malignancy.

CALCIUM-REGULATING HORMONES:

Valentin David, Aline Martin, Anne-Marie Hedge, and Peter S. N. Rowe

Matrix Extracellular Phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE) Is a New Bone Renal Hormone and Vascularization Modulator
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4012-4023 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0216 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
MEPE with matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein regulates bone turnover, mineralization, and bone-renal vascularization, and suppresses renal calcification.

Roy Pascal Naja, Olivier Dardenne, Alice Arabian, and René St. Arnaud

Chondrocyte-Specific Modulation of Cyp27b1 Expression Supports a Role for Local Synthesis of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D₃ in Growth Plate Development
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4024-4032 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1410 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Genetic manipulation of the expression of Cyp27b1 in chondrocytes supports a direct role of locally synthesized 1,25(OH)₂D₃ in vascular invasion and osteoclastogenesis during endochondral bone development.

CANCER-ONCOGENES:

Roman Iakoubov, Lina M. Lauffer, Shivangi Trivedi, Young-In J. Kim, and Patricia L. Brubaker

Carcinogenic Effects of Exogenous and Endogenous Glucagon-Like Peptide-2 in Azoxymethane-Treated Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4033-4043 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0295 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Colon dysplasia is increased by the intestinal hormone GLP-2, and decreased by antagonism of the GLP-2 receptor in azoxymethane-treated mice.

S. Higgins, S. H. X. Wong, M. Richner, C. L. Rowe, D. F. Newgreen, G. A. Werther, and V. C. Russo

Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Reactivates G1 Checkpoint in SK-N-MC Cells via Regulation of p21, Inhibitor of Differentiation Genes (Id1-3), and Epithelium-Mesenchyme Transition-Like Events
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4044-4055 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1797 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Reversal of tumorigenic neuroblastoma cell phenotype is achieved via suppression of inhibitor of differentiation-3 gene, re-activation of cell cycle check-point, and epithelium-mesenchyme transition events.

DIABETES-INSULIN-GLUCAGON-GASTROINTESTINAL:

June Chunqiu Hou, Dumaine Williams, Jérôme Vicogne, and Jeffrey E. Pessin

The Glucose Transporter 2 Undergoes Plasma Membrane Endocytosis and Lysosomal Degradation in a Secretagogue-Dependent Manner
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4056-4064 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1685 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Hyperglycemia activates a β-cell trafficking pathway, resulting in the rapid endocytosis and degradation of the cell surface GLUT2 glucose transporter.

Xiongfei Zhang, Wei Yong, Jinghuan Lv, Yunxia Zhu, Jingjing Zhang, Fang Chen, Rihua Zhang, Tao Yang, Yujie Sun, and Xiao Han

Inhibition of Forkhead Box O1 Protects Pancreatic β-Cells against Dexamethasone-Induced Dysfunction
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4065-4073 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0343 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Activation of FoxO1 is integrally involved in dexamethasone-induced Pdx-1 nuclear exclusion and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion dysfunction in pancreatic islet β-cells.

Ji-Won Kim, Young-Hye You, Dong-Sik Ham, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Seung-Hyun Ko, Ki-Ho Song, Ho-Young Son, Haeyoung Suh-Kim, In-Kyu Lee, and Kun-Ho Yoon

Suppression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor -Coactivator-1 Normalizes the Glucolipotoxicity-Induced Decreased BETA2/NeuroD Gene Transcription and Improved Glucose Tolerance in Diabetic Rats
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4074-4083 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0241 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
PGC-1 inhibits insulin and BETA2/NeuroD transcription levels and attenuating PGC-1 overexpression protects against glucolipotoxicity-induced β-cell dysfunction both in vivo and in vitro.

Eric D. Berglund, Candice Y. Li, Holly A. Bina, Sara E. Lynes, M. Dodson Michael, Armen B. Shanafelt, Alexei Kharitonenkov, and David H. Wasserman

Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Controls Glycemia via Regulation of Hepatic Glucose Flux and Insulin Sensitivity
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4084-4093 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0221 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The current data detail the mechanism of action for FGF21 to lower blood glucose and improve insulin sensitivity using state-of-the-art techniques in the conscious mouse.

Morten F. Tonnesen, Lars G. Grunnet, Josefine Friberg, Alessandra K. Cardozo, Nils Billestrup, Décio L. Eizirik, Joachim Størling, and Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen

Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-B or Bax Prevents Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress- But Not Nitric Oxide-Mediated Apoptosis in INS-1E Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4094-4103 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0029 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Ca-depletion, but not NO-induced ER stress, causes proapoptotic signaling via NF-B, Bax, and caspase-9 in insulin-producing cells.

ANNOUNCEMENTS AND RESOURCES:

The Power of Programming: International Conference on Developmental Origins of Health and Disease May 6–10, 2010, Munich, Germany
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4093 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Call for abstracts
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4113 [Full Text] [PDF]  

The 14th International Thyroid Congress September 11–16, 2010 Palais des Congrès, Paris, France
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4153 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Erratum
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4461 [Full Text] [PDF]  

ENERGY BALANCE - OBESITY:

Britta M. Stenson, Mikael Rydén, Knut R. Steffensen, Kerstin Wåhlén, Amanda T. Pettersson, Johan W. Jocken, Peter Arner, and Jurga Laurencikiene

Activation of Liver X Receptor Regulates Substrate Oxidation in White Adipocytes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4104-4113 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0676 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Activation of liver X receptor (LXR) in human adipocytes suppresses glucose oxidation and increases fatty acid oxidation by regulating activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.

Annette D. de Kloet, Eric G. Krause, Dong-Hoon Kim, Randall R. Sakai, Randy J. Seeley, and Stephen C. Woods

The Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition Using Captopril on Energy Balance and Glucose Homeostasis
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4114-4123 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0065 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition using captopril prevents diet-induced weight gain and glucose intolerance in rats.

Nathalie Pamir, Timothy S. McMillen, Karl J. Kaiyala, Michael W. Schwartz, and Renée C. LeBoeuf

Receptors for Tumor Necrosis Factor- Play a Protective Role against Obesity and Alter Adipose Tissue Macrophage Status
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4124-4134 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0137 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
In humans and rodents, obesity is associated with low-grade systemic and tissue inflammation, yet ablation of cytokines and their receptors, such as the two TNF receptors studied herein, predispose mice to obesity and do not protect mice from insulin resistance.

Korinna Huber, Jennifer L. Miles, Amy M. Norman, Nichola M. Thompson, Michael Davison, and Bernhard H. Breier

Prenatally Induced Changes in Muscle Structure and Metabolic Function Facilitate Exercise-Induced Obesity Prevention
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4135-4144 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0125 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Moderate daily exercise prevents prenatally induced obesity by activation of distinct biological pathways in skeletal muscle that enhance metabolic flexibility.

GENERAL ENDOCRINOLOGY:

Yasuhiro Nakamura, Yewei Xing, Hironobu Sasano, and William E. Rainey

The Mediator Complex Subunit 1 Enhances Transcription of Genes Needed for Adrenal Androgen Production
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4145-4153 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0006 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Mediator complex subunit 1 is expressed in the human adrenal and plays a role in the regulation of enzymes involved in adrenal androgen biosynthesis.

Daniel P. Sherbet, Oleg L. Guryev, Mahboubeh Papari-Zareei, Dario Mizrachi, Siayareh Rambally, Sharareh Akbar, and Richard J. Auchus

Biochemical Factors Governing the Steady-State Estrone/Estradiol Ratios Catalyzed by Human 17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases Types 1 and 2 in HEK-293 Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4154-4162 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1817 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The steady-state estrone-estradiol distribution maintained by human 17βHSD1 in intact cells can be varied from 90% estrone to 90% estradiol by mutagenesis of the cofactor-binding domain and by depletion of intracellular NADPH; in contrast, human 17βHSD2 retains strong preference for estradiol oxidation despite similar manipulations.

GLUCOCORTICOIDS-CRH-ACTH-ADRENAL:

Shengjun Qiao, Sam Okret, and Mikael Jondal

Thymocyte-Synthesized Glucocorticoids Play a Role in Thymocyte Homeostasis and Are Down-Regulated by Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4163-4169 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0195 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Thymocyte-produced glucocorticoids (GC) are important for the homeostasis of adult mouse thymocytes; high ACTH level, in contrast to stimulating GC synthesis in the adrenal glands, has the opposite effect in thymocytes.

Susanne K. Droste, Andrew Collins, Stafford L. Lightman, Astrid C. E. Linthorst, and Johannes M. H. M. Reul

Distinct, Time-Dependent Effects of Voluntary Exercise on Circadian and Ultradian Rhythms and Stress Responses of Free Corticosterone in the Rat Hippocampus
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4170-4179 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0402 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Voluntary exercising rats show changes in circadian and ultradian rhythms and stress responses of free corticosterone in the hippocampus distinct from those in total plasma corticosterone.

Marie-Claude Battista, Claude Roberge, Antoine Martinez, and Nicole Gallo-Payet

24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase/Seladin-1: A Key Protein Differentially Involved in Adrenocorticotropin Effects Observed in Human and Rat Adrenal Cortex
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4180-4190 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0410 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
In the adrenal gland, Seladin-1 has various functions as it is a steroidogenic regulatory protein but also a stress-sensing and a stress-protecting protein.

Ryan T. Evans and Audrey F. Seasholtz

Soluble Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor 2 Splice Variant Is Efficiently Translated But Not Trafficked for Secretion
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4191-4202 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0285 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The soluble splice variant of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 is expressed in vivo, but is unable to function as a soluble decoy receptor because it is mistrafficked and degraded by the proteasome.

NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY:

Maricedes Acosta-Martínez, Ji Luo, Carol Elias, Andrew Wolfe, and Jon E. Levine

Male-Biased Effects of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuron-Specific Deletion of the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Regulatory Subunit p85 on the Reproductive Axis
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4203-4212 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1753 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
GnRH neuron-specific deletion of the PI3 kinase p85 subunit leads to male-specific reduction in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function.

Javed Iqbal, Olivier Latchoumanin, Ika P. Sari, Richard J. Lang, Harold A. Coleman, Helena C. Parkington, and Iain J. Clarke

Estradiol-17β Inhibits Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Induced Ca²⁺ in Gonadotropes to Regulate Negative Feedback on Luteinizing Hormone Release
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4213-4220 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0092 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The second-messenger mechanisms by which rapid (non-genomic) feedback effects of estradiol-17β are exerted in gonadotropes are discussed.

R. Kanyo, D. M. Price, C. L. Chik, and A. K. Ho

Salt-Inducible Kinase 1 in the Rat Pinealocyte: Adrenergic Regulation and Role in Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase Gene Transcription
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4221-4230 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0275 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Salt-inducible kinase 1 is induced nocturnally in the rat pineal gland and functions as an endogenous repressor that shapes adrenergic-regulated temporal gene expression.

Jing Xu, Melissa A. Kirigiti, Kevin L. Grove, and M. Susan Smith

Regulation of Food Intake and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone during Lactation: Role of Insulin and Leptin
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4231-4240 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0190 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The low levels of insulin and leptin, reflecting negative energy balance, are not a necessary prerequisite of the large sustained increase in food intake or the suppression of GnRH/LH secretion during lactation.

Elaine K. Murray, Annie Hien, Geert J. de Vries, and Nancy G. Forger

Epigenetic Control of Sexual Differentiation of the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4241-4247 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0458 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Changing histone acetylation blocks masculinization of the brain.

Jazmin I. Acosta, Loretta Mayer, Joshua S. Talboom, Candy Wing S. Tsang, Constance J. Smith, Craig K. Enders, and Heather A. Bimonte-Nelson

Transitional Versus Surgical Menopause in a Rodent Model: Etiology of Ovarian Hormone Loss Impacts Memory and the Acetylcholine System
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4248-4259 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1802 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The type of menopause etiology influences cognition and the cholinergic system.

RENAL-CARDIAC-VASCULAR:

Eiji Munetsuna, Yasushi Hojo, Minoru Hattori, Hirotaka Ishii, Suguru Kawato, Atsuhiko Ishida, Shiro A. J. Kominami, and Takeshi Yamazaki

Retinoic Acid Stimulates 17β-Estradiol and Testosterone Synthesis in Rat Hippocampal Slice Cultures
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4260-4269 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1644 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
9-cis-Retinoic acid stimulates 17β-estradiol and testosterone biosynthesis in rat hippocampal slice cultures; this may be induced by an increase in mRNA levels for cytochrome P450₁₇ and P450arom and protein content of P450₁₇ via activation of the retinoid X receptor signaling pathway.

Petra Klusonová, Lenka Reháková, Gudrun Borchert, Karla Vagnerová, Jan Neckár, Peter Ergang, Ivan Miksík, Frantisek Kolár, and Jirí Pácha

Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Induces 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Rat Heart
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4270-4277 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1493 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia is associated with up-regulation of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2.

REPRODUCTION-DEVELOPMENT:

Anju Sharma, Haiyan Guan, and Kaiping Yang

The p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Regulates 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2 (11β-HSD2) Expression in Human Trophoblast Cells through Modulation of 11β-HSD2 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Stability
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4278-4286 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0479 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
p38 MAPK is a positive regulator of placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, through which p38 MAPK may influence placental function and consequently fetal development.

B. S. Muhlhausler, J. L. Morrison, and I. C. McMillen

Rosiglitazone Increases the Expression of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor- Target Genes in Adipose Tissue, Liver, and Skeletal Muscle in the Sheep Fetus in Late Gestation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4287-4294 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0462 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Treatment with rosiglitazone before birth results in an increase in the expression of PPAR target genes within adipose tissue, muscle, and liver, and it is therefore possible that activation of PPAR may be the initiating mechanism in the pathway from prenatal over-nutrition to postnatal obesity.

Rebecca M. Simmons, David W. Erikson, Jinyoung Kim, Robert C. Burghardt, Fuller W. Bazer, Greg A. Johnson, and Thomas E. Spencer

Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 in the Ruminant Uterus: Potential Endometrial Marker and Regulator of Conceptus Elongation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4295-4305 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0060 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 mediates trophectoderm cell migration and attachment.

Emi Arimoto-Ishida, Masahiro Sakata, Kenjiro Sawada, Masahiro Nakayama, Fumihito Nishimoto, Seiji Mabuchi, Takashi Takeda, Toshiya Yamamoto, Aki Isobe, Yoko Okamoto, Ernst Lengyel, Noriyuki Suehara, Ken-ichirou Morishige, and Tadashi Kimura

Up-Regulation of ₅-Integrin by E-Cadherin Loss in Hypoxia and Its Key Role in the Migration of Extravillous Trophoblast Cells during Early Implantation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4306-4315 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1662 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Up-regulation of ₅-integrin by E-cadherin loss in hypoxia has a crucial role in regulating the migration of EVT cells.

Lauren Anton, David C. Merrill, Liomar A. A. Neves, Debra I. Diz, Jenny Corthorn, Gloria Valdes, Kathryn Stovall, Patricia E. Gallagher, Cheryl Moorefield, Courtney Gruver, and K. Bridget Brosnihan

The Uterine Placental Bed Renin-Angiotensin System in Normal and Preeclamptic Pregnancy
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4316-4325 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0076 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
In the preeclamptic uterine placental bed, Ang II, a component of the renin angiotensin system, is increased; however, the finding of decreased uterine angiotensin receptors suggests that Ang II may be acting in an endocrine manner on the adjacent fetal placenta, causing vasoconstriction and consequently defects in maternal-fetal oxygen and nutrient exchange.

Prajna Banerjee, Kavita Sapru, Zuzana Strakova, and Asgerally T. Fazleabas

Chorionic Gonadotropin Regulates Prostaglandin E Synthase via a Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase-Extracellular Regulatory Kinase Pathway in a Human Endometrial Epithelial Cell Line: Implications for Endometrial Responses for Embryo Implantation
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4326-4337 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0394 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Chorionic gonadotropin regulates a PI3K-dependent MAPK pathway in a human endometrial epithelial cell line, leading to phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of ERK1/2, activation of Elk1, and induction of prostaglandin E synthase, presumably as a preliminary response for embryo implantation.

Tomoko Yoshikawa, Michael Sellix, Pinar Pezuk, and Michael Menaker

Timing of the Ovarian Circadian Clock Is Regulated by Gonadotropins
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4338-4347 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1280 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The circadian clock in the ovary is synchronized to the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and entrained to the environment by humoral signals, which include the gonadotrophins.

Ozanna Burnicka-Turek, Katayoon Shirneshan, Ilona Paprotta, Pawel Grzmil, Andreas Meinhardt, Wolfgang Engel, and Ibrahim M. Adham

Inactivation of Insulin-Like Factor 6 Disrupts the Progression of Spermatogenesis at Late Meiotic Prophase
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4348-4357 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0201 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The analysis of mice lacking the insulin-like factor 6 (INSL6) shows that INSL6 is required for the progression of spermatogenesis.

E. A. McDonald and M. W. Wolfe

Adiponectin Attenuation of Endocrine Function within Human Term Trophoblast Cells
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4358-4365 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0058 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Adiponectin from maternal adipose negatively regulates placental hormone production; thus creating a mechanism by which maternal metabolic status may alter the viability of pregnancy.

Yvonne A. R. White, Joshua T. Kyle, and Antony W. Wood

Targeted Gene Knockdown in Zebrafish Reveals Distinct Intraembryonic Functions for Insulin-Like Growth Factor II Signaling
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4366-4375 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0356 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Zebrafish IGF2 paralogs regulate development of dorsal midline tissues and the embryonic kidney.

Tomomi Kotani, Akira Iwase, Kazuhiko Ino, Seiji Sumigama, Eiko Yamamoto, Hiromi Hayakawa, Tetsuo Nagasaka, Atsuo Itakura, Seiji Nomura, and Fumitaka Kikkawa

Activator Protein-2 Impairs the Invasion of a Human Extravillous Trophoblast Cell Line
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4376-4385 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1645 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Aberrant elevation of activator protein-2 in preeclampsia placentas restricts the invasion of extravillous trophoblasts.

Pamela Monahan, Sabina Rybak, and Lori T. Raetzman

The Notch Target Gene Hes1 Regulates Cell Cycle Inhibitor Expression in the Developing Pituitary
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4386-4394 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0206 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
HES1, a target of Notch signaling, controls pituitary cell division and inhibits expression of the cell cycle inhibitors p27, p57, and p21 during embryonic development.

YingJie Wu, Hui Sun, Shoshana Yakar, and Derek LeRoith

Elevated Levels of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF)-I in Serum Rescue the Severe Growth Retardation of IGF-I Null Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4395-4403 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0272 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
Tissue IGF-1 is important for neonatal and early postnatal growth; however, superphysiological levels of IGF-1 in serum which can restore body size in both males and females in the absence of tissue IGF-1 expression, are insufficient for female reproductive function.

Jennifer L. Herington, Tawny Underwood, Melinda McConaha, and Brent M. Bany

Paracrine Signals from the Mouse Conceptus Are Not Required for the Normal Progression of Decidualization
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4404-4413 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0036 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
A primary decidual zone and progression of decidualization is similar between pregnant mice and some, but not all, artificial deciduoma models in the absence of signals from the conceptus.

Laetitia Martinerie, Say Viengchareun, Anne-Lise Delezoide, Francis Jaubert, Martine Sinico, Sophie Prevot, Pascal Boileau, Geri Meduri, and Marc Lombès

Low Renal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Expression at Birth Contributes to Partial Aldosterone Resistance in Neonates
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4414-4424 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1498 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
The level of renal mineralocorticoid receptor expression level is low at birth in human and mouse, which could account for the physiological partial aldosterone resistance in neonates.

Danni Shi, Michael K. Dyck, Richard R. E. Uwiera, Jim C. Russell, Spencer D. Proctor, and Donna F. Vine

A Unique Rodent Model of Cardiometabolic Risk Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4425-4436 , doi:10.1210/en.2008-1612 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
Animal models of PCOS associated with features of the metabolic syndrome are an important tool in facilitating understanding of the early etiology of cardiometabolic risk and hyperandrogenemia; a PCOS-like animal model, the JCR:LA-cp rodent, is characterized.

TECHNICAL COMMUNICATIONS:

Helen E. Scharfman, Gauri H. Malthankar-Phatak, Daniel Friedman, Patrice Pearce, Daniel P. McCloskey, Cynthia L. Harden, and Neil J. MacLusky

A Rat Model of Epilepsy in Women: A Tool to Study Physiological Interactions between Endocrine Systems and Seizures
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4437-4442 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0135 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
In adult female rats, estrous cyclicity is preserved in the pilocarpine model of epilepsy if raloxifene is administered prior to pilocarpine, and pentobarbital is used rapidly after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus.

THYROID-TRH-TSH:

Jens Mittag, Sönke Friedrichsen, Anne Strube, Heike Heuer, and Karl Bauer

Analysis of Hypertrophic Thyrotrophs in Pituitaries of Athyroid Pax8^–/– Mice
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4443-4449 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0327 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Data]  
In hypothyroid mice, pituitary thyrotrophs develop hyperplasia and hypertrophy, even in the absence of TRH-R1 signaling, and these cells contribute to hypohyseal dopamine levels in hypothyroidism by inducing the expression of the rate-limiting enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, suggesting a paracrine regulation of prolactin.

Caterina Di Cosmo, Xiao-Hui Liao, Alexandra M. Dumitrescu, Roy E. Weiss, and Samuel Refetoff

A Thyroid Hormone Analog with Reduced Dependence on the Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 for Tissue Transport
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4450-4458 , doi:10.1210/en.2009-0209 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
The thyroid hormone agonist, 3,5-diiodothyropropionic acid, is relatively independent of monocarboxylate transporter 8 for entering tissues.

TRANSLATIONAL HIGHLIGHTS FROM JCEM:

Christiane Winkler, Thomas Illig, Kerstin Koczwara, Ezio Bonifacio, and Anette-Gabriele Ziegler

HHEX-IDE Polymorphism is Associated with Low Birth Weight in Offspring with A Family History of Type 1 Diabetes
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4459 [Full Text] [PDF]  

Maria Chiara Zatelli, Mariella Minoia, Daniela Molè, Valentina Cason, Federico Tagliati, Angelo Margutti, Marta Bondanelli, Maria Rosaria Ambrosio, and Ettore degli Uberti

Growth Hormone Excess Promotes Breast Cancer Chemoresistance
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4459-a [Full Text] [PDF]  

Neuman Correia, Sinead Mullally, Gillian Cooke, Tommy Kyaw Tun, Niamh Phelan, Joanne Feeney, Maria Fitzgibbon, Gerard Boran, Shane O'Mara, and James Gibney

Evidence for a Specific Defect in Hippocampal Memory in Overt and Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Endocrinology 2009 150: 4460 [Full Text] [PDF]  

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